Euclid Greek mathematician
Few people in history have achieved as much fame as this great Greek engineer (Geometer). Although Napoleon, Alexander the Great and Martin Luther, etc., gained more fame in their lifetime than Euclid, over time At the same time, its popularity increased more than others. Despite this city, we have information about Euclid's biography.
We know that Alexander was an active teacher in Egypt in 300 BC. However, the dates of his birth and death are unknown. We know that he was born on a continent and not in a city. However, he wrote several books, only a few of which survived. He gained this prestige in history thanks to his great book Elements.
The importance of "elements" is not due to the theories contained in it. Almost all the theories contained in this book were presented even before Euclid. First, there was the process of selecting the right combination of terms and assumptions (this was a difficult process, as it required extraordinary judgment and deep insight).
He then carefully formulated these assumptions so that everyone seemed to be logically connected to his predecessor. Where necessary, he created components and provided evidence on his own behalf. Elements "which is basically an advanced form of simple and solid knowledge of India" also covers the theory of algebra and numbers in detail.
The book "Elements" has been read as a textbook for over two thousand years. It is without a doubt one of the most successful textbooks. Euclid wrote it in such a brilliant way that after its publication, Textbooks became superior and were soon forgotten. It was written in Greek. So far it has been translated into several languages.
The first edition was published regularly in 1482, thirty years after Gutenberg invented the printing press. Since then, thousands of different editions have been published. This proved to be far more influential on Aristotle's logic than his essays. It is an extraordinary example of a complete deductive structure.
It has been influencing thinkers since the moment of its creation. It is fair to say that Euclid's book played an important role in the development of modern science. Science is a collection of numerous accurate observations and influential assumptions. The great advancement of modern science emanates from a combination of experience and experimentation. On the other hand, it is a careful analysis and deductive argument.
We do not know much about why science did not spread to China or Japan instead of Europe. But it is possible to say that it did not happen by chance. Of course, like Newton, Galileo, Copernicus and Keller. Great personalities are of paramount importance. So the question arises as to why the above-mentioned personalities grew up in Europe in particular, rather than in the East. There was also this rhetorical knowledge that was left behind by the Greeks.
For the Europeans, these are just some of the laws of nature from which everything can be deduced. It was entirely natural because they had the example of Euclid (as a whole. He was of the opinion that Euclid's doctrines and subjects were "real world realities". All the above-mentioned personalities were imbued with Euclid's tradition.
Each of them carefully studied the "elements" and this laid the foundation for their mathematical knowledge. The influence of Euclid on Isaac Newton is particularly evident. Newton wrote his book Principia in Geometry. Since then, other leading Western scientists have imitated Euclid by proving how their results can be logically deduced from a single short number of initial assumptions. ۔
Mathematicians such as Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehand and philosophers like Spinoza did the same.
The comparison with China is very strange. The result was that the Chinese never got the theoretical form of mathematics that the West got (the Chinese had a great mastery of practical geometry) but their knowledge could never be reconstructed by derivative methods).
It was not until 1600 that Euclid was translated into Chinese. Centuries passed before the Chinese became accustomed to the concept of the derivative system of geometry. And until that happened, no significant progress was made in Chinese science. The same can be said of Japan, where Euclid's work was not known until the eighteenth century, and which took years to become acceptable.
Although there are many valuable scientists in Japan today.
But before the introduction of Euclid, none of them was like that. The question inevitably arises that if Euclid had not paved the way for European nations, would such progress in science have been possible for them today Mathematicians have come to understand that Euclid's geometry is not just a self-sufficient geometric system that can be invented.
Over the last 150 years, in addition to the Euclidean system, a number of geometric systems have been invented. In the vicinity of black holes and neutron stars where the force of gravity is very strong, Euclid's knowledge of geometry does not give an accurate picture of the situation.
However, these examples are specific. In most of the examples, the Euclidean system succeeds in presenting the most accurate outline of the geometric reality. It does not diminish its historical significance, nor does it undermine the logical framework that is necessary for the advancement of modern science.
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