History of Libya

History of Libya

Libya is an important Islamic country in the West.  The official name is the Arab Republic.  It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Trader to the south, Egypt to the east, Tunisia to the northwest, and Algeria to the west.  The climate of the country is hot and dry.  However, the climate of the coastal areas remains mild.  

Plus it's the hottest city.  Rainfall is very low in desert areas.  Tripoli, Benghazi and Al-Zawiya are famous Libyan cities. Tripoli is the capital of Libya. The total area of ​​Libya is 1,759,540 square miles.  Much of it is desert and desolate.  Mount Akhdar is one of the most famous mountain ranges here and there are no rivers in the whole country.  

The whole country consists of three major provinces or territories: Lenin Tripolitani (northwestern province of Tripoli), Sair Yaka (east) and Fadan (southern province).  The Libyan coast is 1,100 miles long.  Libya has a population of 5,900,754 (2006).  90% are Muslims, the rest are Christians and Jews. About 75% of the population lives in rural areas.  Arabic is the official language of the country.  The Amin of the coin is the pound.  Libya is a member of international organizations.  Area: 1759530 (sq km)

Population: 5,900,754 (2006)

 Muslims: 96%

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 

During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and in the international arena, the race to conquer Asia and Africa had a devastating effect on Libya.  For a long time, European nations have been watching the region with open eyes and trying to establish their dominance.  Finally, in 1911, Italy invaded Tripoli on suspicion from France and occupied it after a fierce battle with the Khani Turks, to which the locals strongly resisted.  

Italy made every effort to crush the resistance.  He inflicted great oppression on the freedom fighters but his occupation could not be stopped.  During World War II (1939-1945) the situation against Italy became even more unfavorable and the independence movement had a chance to emerge. 

World War II and libia independence (from 1940 to 1942, the Libyan mainland became a battleground between the Soviet Union and allied forces.  The situation is conducive to a troop-bearing army, with its allied positions gaining ground, until British troops crossed Tripoli and Sawyer in 1947, while Frey's became a fiefdom. The success of the Allied forces came in Libya.  "During the war, they cooperated fully with the allies, largely because the allies were fighting in the name of democracy.

 They promised the non-aligned nations that after the war they would  Freedom will be granted. The national and political consciousness of the other Libyans had already intensified and they had been resisting foreign domination for a long time. In this regard, Libya's famous movement played a very important role.  This movement started in the 19th century. It was an Islamic movement. Hamad bin Abdul Wahab in Hijaz and Shah Wa in the subcontinent.  

The movement of Lee Allah and Syed Ahmed Barelvi was a live program.  That is, preaching pure Islamic teachings and jihad against the tyrannical powers were the main objectives of this movement.  Leading the revival of Islam in the West Bank.  He established centers in various parts of Libya that were simultaneously centers of preaching and teaching and were economically self-sufficient.  It is as if the follower of the Asnusi movement was at once a teacher, a preacher, a trader, a farmer and an expert.  The Italian government suffered greatly at the hands of this movement.  

He tried his best in the kitchen during his scholarly period but failed.  The Italian government was undoubtedly a very systemic and functional government.  From 1911 to 1942, Libya's Muslims were subjected to massive atrocities and every effort was made to destroy the Muslims.  Muslims were deprived of their religious, political and Sani rights.  

In order to strengthen his position, he tried to settle the Italians here and encouraged them in every possible way.  These settlers enjoyed financial benefits.  As soon as they saw it, foreign settlers took over the fertile lands of the country.  All of this was unbearable for Libya.  

During the war, their goodness of life and life was shattered.  Political consciousness took a turn for the worse.  He made a name for himself under the leadership of Mir Madari and in 1940 the army of Astavi Mujahideen came into being.  Which, along with its allies, ended Italian tyranny and tyranny.

Achieving independence

 

Libya ended Italian domination, but it did not gain independence.  Britain and France did not want to liberate Leah.  They were reluctant to keep the promises they had made during the war.  The issue of Libya, both internally and externally, was finally raised at the United Nations, but various tricks were used by the allies.  France intended to keep it under its control.  The British plan was to keep it under British rule.  

The United States wanted to put it under international control under the auspices of the United Nations.  International public opinion wanted Libya's full independence.  In November 1949, the United Nations decided to liberate Libya by January 1, 1952.  But despite this decision, Britain and France, as far as possible, obstructed Libya's unity and independence.  The struggle of Libya's freedom fighters brought color.  Libya's independence was declared on December 24, 1951.  A new government was formed under the leadership of Amir Idrees Al-Sunawi, the leader of Tehreek-e-Azadi.  Later, in 1952, King Adrien was elected Libya's first head of state. 

Libya, like the other nine independent states, faced many difficulties at the time of independence during the reign of Shah and Bess.

The economic situation was very bad.  

The Italians greatly exploited Libya's resources during their rule.  However, the fraction was lost during the war.  Bad per capita income.  The national treasury was empty.  It is not wrong to say that Libya was the poorest country in the world at the time of independence in 1951.  

The administrative structure was non-existent.  What else was bad about education?  Even the education of these ministers was medicine.  Despite these shortcomings, the initial difficulties were quickly overcome under the leadership of Shah and I.  The country was soon given a constitutional constitution recognizing the constitutional monarchy. 

The country's legislature came into being.  There was also progress in education.  New York was founded in 1952.  Trade also grew.  

Mickey's wealth grew rapidly with the discovery and export of oil.  The economic ituation began to improve.  Per capita income increased tremendously, the standard of living rose, but in spite of all this, it was not common in the country.  There were reasons why wealth was increasing but this.

The Shah also had control over the country's resources.  Bribes are common.  It does not have the power to rectify the situation.  Despite the freedom, I had influence.  I was constantly using Libyan resources.  Other bases were still in the country.  In the 1967 Arab-Israeli War, the United Kingdom and the United States helped Israel through its bases, and Shah was helpless.  His policy towards Palestine was very weak.  

Miltry Revolution 

This situation did not please Libya's young military officers.  He went to think of ways to save the country from exploitative forces.  They wanted to get rid of the kingdom at all costs.  So he outlined a plan to oust Shah Idris from power, which in 1969 led to the water game under the leadership of Colonel Mirzai.  At the time, Shah was 80 years old and had undergone medical treatment in Turkey, while Colonel Gaddafi was only two years old.  

His other colleagues were also Taqr or his peers.  The revolution was peaceful and no bloodshed was reported.  The people welcomed and cooperated.  Immediately after the revolution, the Civil was formed under the supervision of the Prime Minister, which was later changed several times.  Colonel Muammar Gaddafi based his government on complete independence from Arab nationalism and the marriage of Western colonialism.  

The United States and Britain have revoked agreements on military bases in Libya and replaced them with experts.  He issued special orders for the promotion and publication of the Arabic language and also announced the implementation of several Shariah limits.  

Economy 

When Libya gained independence in 1951, economic resources were almost non-existent. The first thing in this regard was that most of the country's name was Iran and then the few resources that were there remained in the possession of others.  For example, in the coastal areas, agriculture was practiced, but the fertile lands were occupied by greed.  You also had a fee monopoly.  Libya was well connected during the rule of good.  During the establishment of the court became even worse.  

Libya continues to be the epicenter of the wave of fairs, and it goes without saying that Libya was one of the poorest countries in the world at the time of independence.  After independence, the economic situation gradually stabilized.  Agriculture and trade flourished, and then the discovery of oil and natural gas changed Libya's fortunes.  Oil exploration began in 1930. By 1951, all efforts were in vain.  After 1951 The search for oil began anew.  Initially, all attempts failed, but after a while, the situation began to look encouraging.  

Occasional oil wells were drilled.  Even in 1961, Libya was able to export oil and soon became one of the leading oil exporters.  In 1969, 100,000 barrels of oil were produced daily.  It has multiplied since 1970, with a conservative estimate of 1.5 million barrels of oil per day.  In May 1984, Libya's oil reserves reached one billion barrels.  Oil is Libya's greatest asset.  After oil, the country's economy depends on gold production.  Major zircons are forced into production, such as olives, sour peas, wheat, almonds, grapes, figs and pomegranates.  Besides, industry is also a part of the country's economy.  Carpet making and then its products and embroidery are notable.